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Volume 82, Issue 3
Review

Community ecology in the age of multivariate multiscale spatial analysis

S. Dray

Corresponding Author

E-mail address: stephane.dray@univ-lyon1.fr

Université de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon; Université Lyon 1; CNRS, UMR5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France

E-mail: E-mail address: stephane.dray@univ-lyon1.frSearch for more papers by this author
R. Pélissier

Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Montpellier 2, UMR Botanique et Bioinformatique de l'Architecture des Plantes (AMAP), Boulevard de la Lironde, TA A-51/PS2, F-34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France

Institut Français de Pondichéry, UMIFRE 21 CNRS-MAEE, 11 St Louis Street, Puducherry 605 001 India

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P. Couteron

Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Montpellier 2, UMR Botanique et Bioinformatique de l'Architecture des Plantes (AMAP), Boulevard de la Lironde, TA A-51/PS2, F-34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France

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M.-J. Fortin

Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G5 Canada

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P. Legendre

Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7 Canada

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P. R. Peres-Neto

Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3P8 Canada

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E. Bellier

Unité Biostatistique et Processus Spatiaux, INRA Avignon, Domaine Saint-Paul, Site Agroparc 84914 Avignon cedex 9, France

Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, NINA-NO-7485, Trondheim, Norway

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R. Bivand

Department of Economics, NHH Norwegian School of Economics, Helleveien 30, N-5045 Bergen, Norway

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F. G. Blanchet

Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, 751 General Services Building, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H1 Canada

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M. De Cáceres

Biodiversity and Landscape Ecology Laboratory, Forest Science Center of Catalonia, Ctra. Antiga St Llorenç km 2, E-25280, Solsona, Catalonia, Spain

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A.-B. Dufour

Université de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon; Université Lyon 1; CNRS, UMR5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France

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E. Heegaard

Norwegian Forest and Landscape Institute, Fanaflaten 4, N-5244 Fana, Norway

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T. Jombart

Université de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon; Université Lyon 1; CNRS, UMR5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France

Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London W21PG United Kingdom

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F. Munoz

Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Montpellier 2, UMR Botanique et Bioinformatique de l'Architecture des Plantes (AMAP), Boulevard de la Lironde, TA A-51/PS2, F-34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France

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J. Oksanen

Department of Biology, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland

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J. Thioulouse

Université de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon; Université Lyon 1; CNRS, UMR5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France

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H. H. Wagner

Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga L5L 1C6 Canada

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First published: 01 August 2012
Citations: 227

Abstract

Species spatial distributions are the result of population demography, behavioral traits, and species interactions in spatially heterogeneous environmental conditions. Hence the composition of species assemblages is an integrative response variable, and its variability can be explained by the complex interplay among several structuring factors. The thorough analysis of spatial variation in species assemblages may help infer processes shaping ecological communities. We suggest that ecological studies would benefit from the combined use of the classical statistical models of community composition data, such as constrained or unconstrained multivariate analyses of site‐by‐species abundance tables, with rapidly emerging and diversifying methods of spatial pattern analysis. Doing so allows one to deal with spatially explicit ecological models of beta diversity in a biogeographic context through the multiscale analysis of spatial patterns in original species data tables, including spatial characterization of fitted or residual variation from environmental models. We summarize here the recent progress for specifying spatial features through spatial weighting matrices and spatial eigenfunctions in order to define spatially constrained or scale‐explicit multivariate analyses. Through a worked example on tropical tree communities, we also show the potential of the overall approach to identify significant residual spatial patterns that could arise from the omission of important unmeasured explanatory variables or processes.

Number of times cited according to CrossRef: 227

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